.. Copyright (C) Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
..
.. SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
..
.. This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
.. License, v. 2.0.  If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
.. file, you can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
..
.. See the COPYRIGHT file distributed with this work for additional
.. information regarding copyright ownership.

.. highlight: console

named.conf - configuration file for **named**
---------------------------------------------

Synopsis
~~~~~~~~

:program:`named.conf`

Description
~~~~~~~~~~~

``named.conf`` is the configuration file for ``named``. Statements are
enclosed in braces and terminated with a semi-colon. Clauses in the
statements are also semi-colon terminated.  The usual comment styles are
supported:

C style: /\* \*/

 C++ style: // to end of line

Unix style: # to end of line

ACL
^^^

::

  acl string { address_match_element; ... };

CONTROLS
^^^^^^^^

::

  controls {
  	inet ( ipv4_address | ipv6_address |
  	    * ) [ port ( integer | * ) ] allow
  	    { address_match_element; ... } [
  	    keys { string; ... } ] [ read-only
  	    boolean ];
  	unix quoted_string perm integer
  	    owner integer group integer [
  	    keys { string; ... } ] [ read-only
  	    boolean ];
  };

DLZ
^^^

::

  dlz string {
  	database string;
  	search boolean;
  };

DNSSEC-POLICY
^^^^^^^^^^^^^

::

  dnssec-policy string {
  	dnskey-ttl duration;
  	keys { ( csk | ksk | zsk ) [ ( key-directory ) ] lifetime
  	    duration_or_unlimited algorithm string [ integer ]; ... };
  	max-zone-ttl duration;
  	nsec3param [ iterations integer ] [ optout boolean ] [
  	    salt-length integer ];
  	parent-ds-ttl duration;
  	parent-propagation-delay duration;
  	publish-safety duration;
  	purge-keys duration;
  	retire-safety duration;
  	signatures-refresh duration;
  	signatures-validity duration;
  	signatures-validity-dnskey duration;
  	zone-propagation-delay duration;
  };

DYNDB
^^^^^

::

  dyndb string quoted_string {
      unspecified-text };

HTTP
^^^^

::

  http string {
  	endpoints { quoted_string; ... };
  	listener-clients integer;
  	streams-per-connection integer;
  };

KEY
^^^

::

  key string {
  	algorithm string;
  	secret string;
  };

LOGGING
^^^^^^^

::

  logging {
  	category string { string; ... };
  	channel string {
  		buffered boolean;
  		file quoted_string [ versions ( unlimited | integer ) ]
  		    [ size size ] [ suffix ( increment | timestamp ) ];
  		null;
  		print-category boolean;
  		print-severity boolean;
  		print-time ( iso8601 | iso8601-utc | local | boolean );
  		severity log_severity;
  		stderr;
  		syslog [ syslog_facility ];
  	};
  };

MANAGED-KEYS
^^^^^^^^^^^^

See DNSSEC-KEYS.

::

  managed-keys { string ( static-key
      | initial-key | static-ds |
      initial-ds ) integer integer
      integer quoted_string; ... };, deprecated

MASTERS
^^^^^^^

::

  masters string [ port integer ] [ dscp
      integer ] { ( remote-servers |
      ipv4_address [ port integer ] |
      ipv6_address [ port integer ] ) [ key
      string ] [ tls string ]; ... };

OPTIONS
^^^^^^^

::

  options {
  	allow-new-zones boolean;
  	allow-notify { address_match_element; ... };
  	allow-query { address_match_element; ... };
  	allow-query-cache { address_match_element; ... };
  	allow-query-cache-on { address_match_element; ... };
  	allow-query-on { address_match_element; ... };
  	allow-recursion { address_match_element; ... };
  	allow-recursion-on { address_match_element; ... };
  	allow-transfer [ port integer ] [ transport string ] {
  	    address_match_element; ... };
  	allow-update { address_match_element; ... };
  	allow-update-forwarding { address_match_element; ... };
  	also-notify [ port integer ] [ dscp integer ] { (
  	    remote-servers | ipv4_address [ port integer ] |
  	    ipv6_address [ port integer ] ) [ key string ] [ tls
  	    string ]; ... };
  	alt-transfer-source ( ipv4_address | * ) [ port ( integer | * )
  	    ] [ dscp integer ];
  	alt-transfer-source-v6 ( ipv6_address | * ) [ port ( integer |
  	    * ) ] [ dscp integer ];
  	answer-cookie boolean;
  	attach-cache string;
  	auth-nxdomain boolean;
  	auto-dnssec ( allow | maintain | off );
  	automatic-interface-scan boolean;
  	avoid-v4-udp-ports { portrange; ... };
  	avoid-v6-udp-ports { portrange; ... };
  	bindkeys-file quoted_string;
  	blackhole { address_match_element; ... };
  	catalog-zones { zone string [ default-masters [ port integer ]
  	    [ dscp integer ] { ( remote-servers | ipv4_address [ port
  	    integer ] | ipv6_address [ port integer ] ) [ key
  	    string ] [ tls string ]; ... } ] [ default-primaries [ port
  	    integer ] [ dscp integer ] { ( remote-servers |
  	    ipv4_address [ port integer ] | ipv6_address [ port
  	    integer ] ) [ key string ] [ tls string ]; ... } ] [
  	    zone-directory quoted_string ] [ in-memory boolean ] [
  	    min-update-interval duration ]; ... };
  	check-dup-records ( fail | warn | ignore );
  	check-integrity boolean;
  	check-mx ( fail | warn | ignore );
  	check-mx-cname ( fail | warn | ignore );
  	check-names ( primary | master |
  	    secondary | slave | response ) (
  	    fail | warn | ignore );
  	check-sibling boolean;
  	check-spf ( warn | ignore );
  	check-srv-cname ( fail | warn | ignore );
  	check-wildcard boolean;
  	clients-per-query integer;
  	cookie-algorithm ( aes | siphash24 );
  	cookie-secret string;
  	coresize ( default | unlimited | sizeval );
  	datasize ( default | unlimited | sizeval );
  	deny-answer-addresses { address_match_element; ... } [
  	    except-from { string; ... } ];
  	deny-answer-aliases { string; ... } [ except-from { string; ...
  	    } ];
  	dialup ( notify | notify-passive | passive | refresh | boolean );
  	directory quoted_string;
  	disable-algorithms string { string;
  	    ... };
  	disable-ds-digests string { string;
  	    ... };
  	disable-empty-zone string;
  	dns64 netprefix {
  		break-dnssec boolean;
  		clients { address_match_element; ... };
  		exclude { address_match_element; ... };
  		mapped { address_match_element; ... };
  		recursive-only boolean;
  		suffix ipv6_address;
  	};
  	dns64-contact string;
  	dns64-server string;
  	dnskey-sig-validity integer;
  	dnsrps-enable boolean;
  	dnsrps-options { unspecified-text };
  	dnssec-accept-expired boolean;
  	dnssec-dnskey-kskonly boolean;
  	dnssec-loadkeys-interval integer;
  	dnssec-must-be-secure string boolean;
  	dnssec-policy string;
  	dnssec-secure-to-insecure boolean;
  	dnssec-update-mode ( maintain | no-resign );
  	dnssec-validation ( yes | no | auto );
  	dnstap { ( all | auth | client | forwarder | resolver | update ) [
  	    ( query | response ) ]; ... };
  	dnstap-identity ( quoted_string | none | hostname );
  	dnstap-output ( file | unix ) quoted_string [ size ( unlimited |
  	    size ) ] [ versions ( unlimited | integer ) ] [ suffix (
  	    increment | timestamp ) ];
  	dnstap-version ( quoted_string | none );
  	dscp integer;
  	dual-stack-servers [ port integer ] { ( quoted_string [ port
  	    integer ] [ dscp integer ] | ipv4_address [ port
  	    integer ] [ dscp integer ] | ipv6_address [ port
  	    integer ] [ dscp integer ] ); ... };
  	dump-file quoted_string;
  	edns-udp-size integer;
  	empty-contact string;
  	empty-server string;
  	empty-zones-enable boolean;
  	fetch-quota-params integer fixedpoint fixedpoint fixedpoint;
  	fetches-per-server integer [ ( drop | fail ) ];
  	fetches-per-zone integer [ ( drop | fail ) ];
  	files ( default | unlimited | sizeval );
  	flush-zones-on-shutdown boolean;
  	forward ( first | only );
  	forwarders [ port integer ] [ dscp integer ] { ( ipv4_address
  	    | ipv6_address ) [ port integer ] [ dscp integer ]; ... };
  	fstrm-set-buffer-hint integer;
  	fstrm-set-flush-timeout integer;
  	fstrm-set-input-queue-size integer;
  	fstrm-set-output-notify-threshold integer;
  	fstrm-set-output-queue-model ( mpsc | spsc );
  	fstrm-set-output-queue-size integer;
  	fstrm-set-reopen-interval duration;
  	geoip-directory ( quoted_string | none );
  	glue-cache boolean;// deprecated
  	heartbeat-interval integer;
  	hostname ( quoted_string | none );
  	http-listener-clients integer;
  	http-port integer;
  	http-streams-per-connection integer;
  	https-port integer;
  	interface-interval duration;
  	ipv4only-contact string;
  	ipv4only-enable boolean;
  	ipv4only-server string;
  	ixfr-from-differences ( primary | master | secondary | slave |
  	    boolean );
  	keep-response-order { address_match_element; ... };
  	key-directory quoted_string;
  	lame-ttl duration;
  	listen-on [ port integer ] [ dscp
  	    integer ] [ tls string ] [ http
  	    string ] {
  	    address_match_element; ... };
  	listen-on-v6 [ port integer ] [ dscp
  	    integer ] [ tls string ] [ http
  	    string ] {
  	    address_match_element; ... };
  	lmdb-mapsize sizeval;
  	lock-file ( quoted_string | none );
  	managed-keys-directory quoted_string;
  	masterfile-format ( raw | text );
  	masterfile-style ( full | relative );
  	match-mapped-addresses boolean;
  	max-cache-size ( default | unlimited | sizeval | percentage );
  	max-cache-ttl duration;
  	max-clients-per-query integer;
  	max-ixfr-ratio ( unlimited | percentage );
  	max-journal-size ( default | unlimited | sizeval );
  	max-ncache-ttl duration;
  	max-records integer;
  	max-recursion-depth integer;
  	max-recursion-queries integer;
  	max-refresh-time integer;
  	max-retry-time integer;
  	max-rsa-exponent-size integer;
  	max-stale-ttl duration;
  	max-transfer-idle-in integer;
  	max-transfer-idle-out integer;
  	max-transfer-time-in integer;
  	max-transfer-time-out integer;
  	max-udp-size integer;
  	max-zone-ttl ( unlimited | duration );
  	memstatistics boolean;
  	memstatistics-file quoted_string;
  	message-compression boolean;
  	min-cache-ttl duration;
  	min-ncache-ttl duration;
  	min-refresh-time integer;
  	min-retry-time integer;
  	minimal-any boolean;
  	minimal-responses ( no-auth | no-auth-recursive | boolean );
  	multi-master boolean;
  	new-zones-directory quoted_string;
  	no-case-compress { address_match_element; ... };
  	nocookie-udp-size integer;
  	notify ( explicit | master-only | primary-only | boolean );
  	notify-delay integer;
  	notify-rate integer;
  	notify-source ( ipv4_address | * ) [ port ( integer | * ) ] [
  	    dscp integer ];
  	notify-source-v6 ( ipv6_address | * ) [ port ( integer | * ) ]
  	    [ dscp integer ];
  	notify-to-soa boolean;
  	nta-lifetime duration;
  	nta-recheck duration;
  	nxdomain-redirect string;
  	parental-source ( ipv4_address | * ) [ port ( integer | * ) ] [
  	    dscp integer ];
  	parental-source-v6 ( ipv6_address | * ) [ port ( integer | * )
  	    ] [ dscp integer ];
  	pid-file ( quoted_string | none );
  	port integer;
  	preferred-glue string;
  	prefetch integer [ integer ];
  	provide-ixfr boolean;
  	qname-minimization ( strict | relaxed | disabled | off );
  	query-source ( ( [ address ] ( ipv4_address | * ) [ port (
  	    integer | * ) ] ) | ( [ [ address ] ( ipv4_address | * ) ]
  	    port ( integer | * ) ) ) [ dscp integer ];
  	query-source-v6 ( ( [ address ] ( ipv6_address | * ) [ port (
  	    integer | * ) ] ) | ( [ [ address ] ( ipv6_address | * ) ]
  	    port ( integer | * ) ) ) [ dscp integer ];
  	querylog boolean;
  	random-device ( quoted_string | none );
  	rate-limit {
  		all-per-second integer;
  		errors-per-second integer;
  		exempt-clients { address_match_element; ... };
  		ipv4-prefix-length integer;
  		ipv6-prefix-length integer;
  		log-only boolean;
  		max-table-size integer;
  		min-table-size integer;
  		nodata-per-second integer;
  		nxdomains-per-second integer;
  		qps-scale integer;
  		referrals-per-second integer;
  		responses-per-second integer;
  		slip integer;
  		window integer;
  	};
  	recursing-file quoted_string;
  	recursion boolean;
  	recursive-clients integer;
  	request-expire boolean;
  	request-ixfr boolean;
  	request-nsid boolean;
  	require-server-cookie boolean;
  	reserved-sockets integer;// deprecated
  	resolver-nonbackoff-tries integer;
  	resolver-query-timeout integer;
  	resolver-retry-interval integer;
  	response-padding { address_match_element; ... } block-size
  	    integer;
  	response-policy { zone string [ add-soa boolean ] [ log
  	    boolean ] [ max-policy-ttl duration ] [ min-update-interval
  	    duration ] [ policy ( cname | disabled | drop | given | no-op
  	    | nodata | nxdomain | passthru | tcp-only quoted_string ) ] [
  	    recursive-only boolean ] [ nsip-enable boolean ] [
  	    nsdname-enable boolean ]; ... } [ add-soa boolean ] [
  	    break-dnssec boolean ] [ max-policy-ttl duration ] [
  	    min-update-interval duration ] [ min-ns-dots integer ] [
  	    nsip-wait-recurse boolean ] [ nsdname-wait-recurse boolean
  	    ] [ qname-wait-recurse boolean ] [ recursive-only boolean ]
  	    [ nsip-enable boolean ] [ nsdname-enable boolean ] [
  	    dnsrps-enable boolean ] [ dnsrps-options { unspecified-text
  	    } ];
  	root-delegation-only [ exclude { string; ... } ];
  	root-key-sentinel boolean;
  	rrset-order { [ class string ] [ type string ] [ name
  	    quoted_string ] string string; ... };
  	secroots-file quoted_string;
  	send-cookie boolean;
  	serial-query-rate integer;
  	serial-update-method ( date | increment | unixtime );
  	server-id ( quoted_string | none | hostname );
  	servfail-ttl duration;
  	session-keyalg string;
  	session-keyfile ( quoted_string | none );
  	session-keyname string;
  	sig-signing-nodes integer;
  	sig-signing-signatures integer;
  	sig-signing-type integer;
  	sig-validity-interval integer [ integer ];
  	sortlist { address_match_element; ... };
  	stacksize ( default | unlimited | sizeval );
  	stale-answer-client-timeout ( disabled | off | integer );
  	stale-answer-enable boolean;
  	stale-answer-ttl duration;
  	stale-cache-enable boolean;
  	stale-refresh-time duration;
  	startup-notify-rate integer;
  	statistics-file quoted_string;
  	synth-from-dnssec boolean;
  	tcp-advertised-timeout integer;
  	tcp-clients integer;
  	tcp-idle-timeout integer;
  	tcp-initial-timeout integer;
  	tcp-keepalive-timeout integer;
  	tcp-listen-queue integer;
  	tcp-receive-buffer integer;
  	tcp-send-buffer integer;
  	tkey-dhkey quoted_string integer;
  	tkey-domain quoted_string;
  	tkey-gssapi-credential quoted_string;
  	tkey-gssapi-keytab quoted_string;
  	tls-port integer;
  	transfer-format ( many-answers | one-answer );
  	transfer-message-size integer;
  	transfer-source ( ipv4_address | * ) [ port ( integer | * ) ] [
  	    dscp integer ];
  	transfer-source-v6 ( ipv6_address | * ) [ port ( integer | * )
  	    ] [ dscp integer ];
  	transfers-in integer;
  	transfers-out integer;
  	transfers-per-ns integer;
  	trust-anchor-telemetry boolean; // experimental
  	try-tcp-refresh boolean;
  	udp-receive-buffer integer;
  	udp-send-buffer integer;
  	update-check-ksk boolean;
  	use-alt-transfer-source boolean;
  	use-v4-udp-ports { portrange; ... };
  	use-v6-udp-ports { portrange; ... };
  	v6-bias integer;
  	validate-except { string; ... };
  	version ( quoted_string | none );
  	zero-no-soa-ttl boolean;
  	zero-no-soa-ttl-cache boolean;
  	zone-statistics ( full | terse | none | boolean );
  };

PARENTAL-AGENTS
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

::

  parental-agents string [ port integer ] [
      dscp integer ] { ( remote-servers |
      ipv4_address [ port integer ] |
      ipv6_address [ port integer ] ) [ key
      string ] [ tls string ]; ... };

PLUGIN
^^^^^^

::

  plugin ( query ) string [ { unspecified-text
      } ];

PRIMARIES
^^^^^^^^^

::

  primaries string [ port integer ] [ dscp
      integer ] { ( remote-servers |
      ipv4_address [ port integer ] |
      ipv6_address [ port integer ] ) [ key
      string ] [ tls string ]; ... };

SERVER
^^^^^^

::

  server netprefix {
  	bogus boolean;
  	edns boolean;
  	edns-udp-size integer;
  	edns-version integer;
  	keys server_key;
  	max-udp-size integer;
  	notify-source ( ipv4_address | * ) [ port ( integer | * ) ] [
  	    dscp integer ];
  	notify-source-v6 ( ipv6_address | * ) [ port ( integer | * ) ]
  	    [ dscp integer ];
  	padding integer;
  	provide-ixfr boolean;
  	query-source ( ( [ address ] ( ipv4_address | * ) [ port (
  	    integer | * ) ] ) | ( [ [ address ] ( ipv4_address | * ) ]
  	    port ( integer | * ) ) ) [ dscp integer ];
  	query-source-v6 ( ( [ address ] ( ipv6_address | * ) [ port (
  	    integer | * ) ] ) | ( [ [ address ] ( ipv6_address | * ) ]
  	    port ( integer | * ) ) ) [ dscp integer ];
  	request-expire boolean;
  	request-ixfr boolean;
  	request-nsid boolean;
  	send-cookie boolean;
  	tcp-keepalive boolean;
  	tcp-only boolean;
  	transfer-format ( many-answers | one-answer );
  	transfer-source ( ipv4_address | * ) [ port ( integer | * ) ] [
  	    dscp integer ];
  	transfer-source-v6 ( ipv6_address | * ) [ port ( integer | * )
  	    ] [ dscp integer ];
  	transfers integer;
  };

STATISTICS-CHANNELS
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

::

  statistics-channels {
  	inet ( ipv4_address | ipv6_address |
  	    * ) [ port ( integer | * ) ] [
  	    allow { address_match_element; ...
  	    } ];
  };

TLS
^^^

::

  tls string {
  	cert-file quoted_string;
  	ciphers string;
  	dhparam-file quoted_string;
  	key-file quoted_string;
  	prefer-server-ciphers boolean;
  	protocols { string; ... };
  	session-tickets boolean;
  };

TRUST-ANCHORS
^^^^^^^^^^^^^

::

  trust-anchors { string ( static-key |
      initial-key | static-ds | initial-ds )
      integer integer integer
      quoted_string; ... };

TRUSTED-KEYS
^^^^^^^^^^^^

Deprecated - see DNSSEC-KEYS.

::

  trusted-keys { string integer
      integer integer
      quoted_string; ... };, deprecated

VIEW
^^^^

::

  view string [ class ] {
  	allow-new-zones boolean;
  	allow-notify { address_match_element; ... };
  	allow-query { address_match_element; ... };
  	allow-query-cache { address_match_element; ... };
  	allow-query-cache-on { address_match_element; ... };
  	allow-query-on { address_match_element; ... };
  	allow-recursion { address_match_element; ... };
  	allow-recursion-on { address_match_element; ... };
  	allow-transfer [ port integer ] [ transport string ] {
  	    address_match_element; ... };
  	allow-update { address_match_element; ... };
  	allow-update-forwarding { address_match_element; ... };
  	also-notify [ port integer ] [ dscp integer ] { (
  	    remote-servers | ipv4_address [ port integer ] |
  	    ipv6_address [ port integer ] ) [ key string ] [ tls
  	    string ]; ... };
  	alt-transfer-source ( ipv4_address | * ) [ port ( integer | * )
  	    ] [ dscp integer ];
  	alt-transfer-source-v6 ( ipv6_address | * ) [ port ( integer |
  	    * ) ] [ dscp integer ];
  	attach-cache string;
  	auth-nxdomain boolean;
  	auto-dnssec ( allow | maintain | off );
  	catalog-zones { zone string [ default-masters [ port integer ]
  	    [ dscp integer ] { ( remote-servers | ipv4_address [ port
  	    integer ] | ipv6_address [ port integer ] ) [ key
  	    string ] [ tls string ]; ... } ] [ default-primaries [ port
  	    integer ] [ dscp integer ] { ( remote-servers |
  	    ipv4_address [ port integer ] | ipv6_address [ port
  	    integer ] ) [ key string ] [ tls string ]; ... } ] [
  	    zone-directory quoted_string ] [ in-memory boolean ] [
  	    min-update-interval duration ]; ... };
  	check-dup-records ( fail | warn | ignore );
  	check-integrity boolean;
  	check-mx ( fail | warn | ignore );
  	check-mx-cname ( fail | warn | ignore );
  	check-names ( primary | master |
  	    secondary | slave | response ) (
  	    fail | warn | ignore );
  	check-sibling boolean;
  	check-spf ( warn | ignore );
  	check-srv-cname ( fail | warn | ignore );
  	check-wildcard boolean;
  	clients-per-query integer;
  	deny-answer-addresses { address_match_element; ... } [
  	    except-from { string; ... } ];
  	deny-answer-aliases { string; ... } [ except-from { string; ...
  	    } ];
  	dialup ( notify | notify-passive | passive | refresh | boolean );
  	disable-algorithms string { string;
  	    ... };
  	disable-ds-digests string { string;
  	    ... };
  	disable-empty-zone string;
  	dlz string {
  		database string;
  		search boolean;
  	};
  	dns64 netprefix {
  		break-dnssec boolean;
  		clients { address_match_element; ... };
  		exclude { address_match_element; ... };
  		mapped { address_match_element; ... };
  		recursive-only boolean;
  		suffix ipv6_address;
  	};
  	dns64-contact string;
  	dns64-server string;
  	dnskey-sig-validity integer;
  	dnsrps-enable boolean;
  	dnsrps-options { unspecified-text };
  	dnssec-accept-expired boolean;
  	dnssec-dnskey-kskonly boolean;
  	dnssec-loadkeys-interval integer;
  	dnssec-must-be-secure string boolean;
  	dnssec-policy string;
  	dnssec-secure-to-insecure boolean;
  	dnssec-update-mode ( maintain | no-resign );
  	dnssec-validation ( yes | no | auto );
  	dnstap { ( all | auth | client | forwarder | resolver | update ) [
  	    ( query | response ) ]; ... };
  	dual-stack-servers [ port integer ] { ( quoted_string [ port
  	    integer ] [ dscp integer ] | ipv4_address [ port
  	    integer ] [ dscp integer ] | ipv6_address [ port
  	    integer ] [ dscp integer ] ); ... };
  	dyndb string quoted_string {
  	    unspecified-text };
  	edns-udp-size integer;
  	empty-contact string;
  	empty-server string;
  	empty-zones-enable boolean;
  	fetch-quota-params integer fixedpoint fixedpoint fixedpoint;
  	fetches-per-server integer [ ( drop | fail ) ];
  	fetches-per-zone integer [ ( drop | fail ) ];
  	forward ( first | only );
  	forwarders [ port integer ] [ dscp integer ] { ( ipv4_address
  	    | ipv6_address ) [ port integer ] [ dscp integer ]; ... };
  	glue-cache boolean;// deprecated
  	ipv4only-contact string;
  	ipv4only-enable boolean;
  	ipv4only-server string;
  	ixfr-from-differences ( primary | master | secondary | slave |
  	    boolean );
  	key string {
  		algorithm string;
  		secret string;
  	};
  	key-directory quoted_string;
  	lame-ttl duration;
  	lmdb-mapsize sizeval;
  	managed-keys { string (
  	    static-key | initial-key
  	    | static-ds | initial-ds
  	    ) integer integer
  	    integer
  	    quoted_string; ... };, deprecated
  	masterfile-format ( raw | text );
  	masterfile-style ( full | relative );
  	match-clients { address_match_element; ... };
  	match-destinations { address_match_element; ... };
  	match-recursive-only boolean;
  	max-cache-size ( default | unlimited | sizeval | percentage );
  	max-cache-ttl duration;
  	max-clients-per-query integer;
  	max-ixfr-ratio ( unlimited | percentage );
  	max-journal-size ( default | unlimited | sizeval );
  	max-ncache-ttl duration;
  	max-records integer;
  	max-recursion-depth integer;
  	max-recursion-queries integer;
  	max-refresh-time integer;
  	max-retry-time integer;
  	max-stale-ttl duration;
  	max-transfer-idle-in integer;
  	max-transfer-idle-out integer;
  	max-transfer-time-in integer;
  	max-transfer-time-out integer;
  	max-udp-size integer;
  	max-zone-ttl ( unlimited | duration );
  	message-compression boolean;
  	min-cache-ttl duration;
  	min-ncache-ttl duration;
  	min-refresh-time integer;
  	min-retry-time integer;
  	minimal-any boolean;
  	minimal-responses ( no-auth | no-auth-recursive | boolean );
  	multi-master boolean;
  	new-zones-directory quoted_string;
  	no-case-compress { address_match_element; ... };
  	nocookie-udp-size integer;
  	notify ( explicit | master-only | primary-only | boolean );
  	notify-delay integer;
  	notify-source ( ipv4_address | * ) [ port ( integer | * ) ] [
  	    dscp integer ];
  	notify-source-v6 ( ipv6_address | * ) [ port ( integer | * ) ]
  	    [ dscp integer ];
  	notify-to-soa boolean;
  	nta-lifetime duration;
  	nta-recheck duration;
  	nxdomain-redirect string;
  	parental-source ( ipv4_address | * ) [ port ( integer | * ) ] [
  	    dscp integer ];
  	parental-source-v6 ( ipv6_address | * ) [ port ( integer | * )
  	    ] [ dscp integer ];
  	plugin ( query ) string [ {
  	    unspecified-text } ];
  	preferred-glue string;
  	prefetch integer [ integer ];
  	provide-ixfr boolean;
  	qname-minimization ( strict | relaxed | disabled | off );
  	query-source ( ( [ address ] ( ipv4_address | * ) [ port (
  	    integer | * ) ] ) | ( [ [ address ] ( ipv4_address | * ) ]
  	    port ( integer | * ) ) ) [ dscp integer ];
  	query-source-v6 ( ( [ address ] ( ipv6_address | * ) [ port (
  	    integer | * ) ] ) | ( [ [ address ] ( ipv6_address | * ) ]
  	    port ( integer | * ) ) ) [ dscp integer ];
  	rate-limit {
  		all-per-second integer;
  		errors-per-second integer;
  		exempt-clients { address_match_element; ... };
  		ipv4-prefix-length integer;
  		ipv6-prefix-length integer;
  		log-only boolean;
  		max-table-size integer;
  		min-table-size integer;
  		nodata-per-second integer;
  		nxdomains-per-second integer;
  		qps-scale integer;
  		referrals-per-second integer;
  		responses-per-second integer;
  		slip integer;
  		window integer;
  	};
  	recursion boolean;
  	request-expire boolean;
  	request-ixfr boolean;
  	request-nsid boolean;
  	require-server-cookie boolean;
  	resolver-nonbackoff-tries integer;
  	resolver-query-timeout integer;
  	resolver-retry-interval integer;
  	response-padding { address_match_element; ... } block-size
  	    integer;
  	response-policy { zone string [ add-soa boolean ] [ log
  	    boolean ] [ max-policy-ttl duration ] [ min-update-interval
  	    duration ] [ policy ( cname | disabled | drop | given | no-op
  	    | nodata | nxdomain | passthru | tcp-only quoted_string ) ] [
  	    recursive-only boolean ] [ nsip-enable boolean ] [
  	    nsdname-enable boolean ]; ... } [ add-soa boolean ] [
  	    break-dnssec boolean ] [ max-policy-ttl duration ] [
  	    min-update-interval duration ] [ min-ns-dots integer ] [
  	    nsip-wait-recurse boolean ] [ nsdname-wait-recurse boolean
  	    ] [ qname-wait-recurse boolean ] [ recursive-only boolean ]
  	    [ nsip-enable boolean ] [ nsdname-enable boolean ] [
  	    dnsrps-enable boolean ] [ dnsrps-options { unspecified-text
  	    } ];
  	root-delegation-only [ exclude { string; ... } ];
  	root-key-sentinel boolean;
  	rrset-order { [ class string ] [ type string ] [ name
  	    quoted_string ] string string; ... };
  	send-cookie boolean;
  	serial-update-method ( date | increment | unixtime );
  	server netprefix {
  		bogus boolean;
  		edns boolean;
  		edns-udp-size integer;
  		edns-version integer;
  		keys server_key;
  		max-udp-size integer;
  		notify-source ( ipv4_address | * ) [ port ( integer | *
  		    ) ] [ dscp integer ];
  		notify-source-v6 ( ipv6_address | * ) [ port ( integer
  		    | * ) ] [ dscp integer ];
  		padding integer;
  		provide-ixfr boolean;
  		query-source ( ( [ address ] ( ipv4_address | * ) [ port
  		    ( integer | * ) ] ) | ( [ [ address ] (
  		    ipv4_address | * ) ] port ( integer | * ) ) ) [
  		    dscp integer ];
  		query-source-v6 ( ( [ address ] ( ipv6_address | * ) [
  		    port ( integer | * ) ] ) | ( [ [ address ] (
  		    ipv6_address | * ) ] port ( integer | * ) ) ) [
  		    dscp integer ];
  		request-expire boolean;
  		request-ixfr boolean;
  		request-nsid boolean;
  		send-cookie boolean;
  		tcp-keepalive boolean;
  		tcp-only boolean;
  		transfer-format ( many-answers | one-answer );
  		transfer-source ( ipv4_address | * ) [ port ( integer |
  		    * ) ] [ dscp integer ];
  		transfer-source-v6 ( ipv6_address | * ) [ port (
  		    integer | * ) ] [ dscp integer ];
  		transfers integer;
  	};
  	servfail-ttl duration;
  	sig-signing-nodes integer;
  	sig-signing-signatures integer;
  	sig-signing-type integer;
  	sig-validity-interval integer [ integer ];
  	sortlist { address_match_element; ... };
  	stale-answer-client-timeout ( disabled | off | integer );
  	stale-answer-enable boolean;
  	stale-answer-ttl duration;
  	stale-cache-enable boolean;
  	stale-refresh-time duration;
  	synth-from-dnssec boolean;
  	transfer-format ( many-answers | one-answer );
  	transfer-source ( ipv4_address | * ) [ port ( integer | * ) ] [
  	    dscp integer ];
  	transfer-source-v6 ( ipv6_address | * ) [ port ( integer | * )
  	    ] [ dscp integer ];
  	trust-anchor-telemetry boolean; // experimental
  	trust-anchors { string ( static-key |
  	    initial-key | static-ds | initial-ds
  	    ) integer integer integer
  	    quoted_string; ... };
  	trusted-keys { string
  	    integer integer
  	    integer
  	    quoted_string; ... };, deprecated
  	try-tcp-refresh boolean;
  	update-check-ksk boolean;
  	use-alt-transfer-source boolean;
  	v6-bias integer;
  	validate-except { string; ... };
  	zero-no-soa-ttl boolean;
  	zero-no-soa-ttl-cache boolean;
  	zone string [ class ] {
  		allow-notify { address_match_element; ... };
  		allow-query { address_match_element; ... };
  		allow-query-on { address_match_element; ... };
  		allow-transfer [ port integer ] [ transport string ] {
  		    address_match_element; ... };
  		allow-update { address_match_element; ... };
  		allow-update-forwarding { address_match_element; ... };
  		also-notify [ port integer ] [ dscp integer ] { (
  		    remote-servers | ipv4_address [ port integer ] |
  		    ipv6_address [ port integer ] ) [ key string ] [
  		    tls string ]; ... };
  		alt-transfer-source ( ipv4_address | * ) [ port (
  		    integer | * ) ] [ dscp integer ];
  		alt-transfer-source-v6 ( ipv6_address | * ) [ port (
  		    integer | * ) ] [ dscp integer ];
  		auto-dnssec ( allow | maintain | off );
  		check-dup-records ( fail | warn | ignore );
  		check-integrity boolean;
  		check-mx ( fail | warn | ignore );
  		check-mx-cname ( fail | warn | ignore );
  		check-names ( fail | warn | ignore );
  		check-sibling boolean;
  		check-spf ( warn | ignore );
  		check-srv-cname ( fail | warn | ignore );
  		check-wildcard boolean;
  		database string;
  		delegation-only boolean;
  		dialup ( notify | notify-passive | passive | refresh |
  		    boolean );
  		dlz string;
  		dnskey-sig-validity integer;
  		dnssec-dnskey-kskonly boolean;
  		dnssec-loadkeys-interval integer;
  		dnssec-policy string;
  		dnssec-secure-to-insecure boolean;
  		dnssec-update-mode ( maintain | no-resign );
  		file quoted_string;
  		forward ( first | only );
  		forwarders [ port integer ] [ dscp integer ] { (
  		    ipv4_address | ipv6_address ) [ port integer ] [
  		    dscp integer ]; ... };
  		in-view string;
  		inline-signing boolean;
  		ixfr-from-differences boolean;
  		journal quoted_string;
  		key-directory quoted_string;
  		masterfile-format ( raw | text );
  		masterfile-style ( full | relative );
  		masters [ port integer ] [ dscp integer ] { (
  		    remote-servers | ipv4_address [ port integer ] |
  		    ipv6_address [ port integer ] ) [ key string ] [
  		    tls string ]; ... };
  		max-ixfr-ratio ( unlimited | percentage );
  		max-journal-size ( default | unlimited | sizeval );
  		max-records integer;
  		max-refresh-time integer;
  		max-retry-time integer;
  		max-transfer-idle-in integer;
  		max-transfer-idle-out integer;
  		max-transfer-time-in integer;
  		max-transfer-time-out integer;
  		max-zone-ttl ( unlimited | duration );
  		min-refresh-time integer;
  		min-retry-time integer;
  		multi-master boolean;
  		notify ( explicit | master-only | primary-only | boolean );
  		notify-delay integer;
  		notify-source ( ipv4_address | * ) [ port ( integer | *
  		    ) ] [ dscp integer ];
  		notify-source-v6 ( ipv6_address | * ) [ port ( integer
  		    | * ) ] [ dscp integer ];
  		notify-to-soa boolean;
  		parental-agents [ port integer ] [ dscp integer ] { (
  		    remote-servers | ipv4_address [ port integer ] |
  		    ipv6_address [ port integer ] ) [ key string ] [
  		    tls string ]; ... };
  		parental-source ( ipv4_address | * ) [ port ( integer |
  		    * ) ] [ dscp integer ];
  		parental-source-v6 ( ipv6_address | * ) [ port (
  		    integer | * ) ] [ dscp integer ];
  		primaries [ port integer ] [ dscp integer ] { (
  		    remote-servers | ipv4_address [ port integer ] |
  		    ipv6_address [ port integer ] ) [ key string ] [
  		    tls string ]; ... };
  		request-expire boolean;
  		request-ixfr boolean;
  		serial-update-method ( date | increment | unixtime );
  		server-addresses { ( ipv4_address | ipv6_address ); ... };
  		server-names { string; ... };
  		sig-signing-nodes integer;
  		sig-signing-signatures integer;
  		sig-signing-type integer;
  		sig-validity-interval integer [ integer ];
  		transfer-source ( ipv4_address | * ) [ port ( integer |
  		    * ) ] [ dscp integer ];
  		transfer-source-v6 ( ipv6_address | * ) [ port (
  		    integer | * ) ] [ dscp integer ];
  		try-tcp-refresh boolean;
  		type ( primary | master | secondary | slave | mirror |
  		    delegation-only | forward | hint | redirect |
  		    static-stub | stub );
  		update-check-ksk boolean;
  		update-policy ( local | { ( deny | grant ) string (
  		    6to4-self | external | krb5-self | krb5-selfsub |
  		    krb5-subdomain | krb5-subdomain-self-rhs | ms-self |
  		    ms-selfsub | ms-subdomain | ms-subdomain-self-rhs |
  		    name | self | selfsub | selfwild | subdomain | tcp-self
  		    | wildcard | zonesub ) [ string ] rrtypelist; ... };
  		use-alt-transfer-source boolean;
  		zero-no-soa-ttl boolean;
  		zone-statistics ( full | terse | none | boolean );
  	};
  	zone-statistics ( full | terse | none | boolean );
  };

ZONE
^^^^

::

  zone string [ class ] {
  	allow-notify { address_match_element; ... };
  	allow-query { address_match_element; ... };
  	allow-query-on { address_match_element; ... };
  	allow-transfer [ port integer ] [ transport string ] {
  	    address_match_element; ... };
  	allow-update { address_match_element; ... };
  	allow-update-forwarding { address_match_element; ... };
  	also-notify [ port integer ] [ dscp integer ] { (
  	    remote-servers | ipv4_address [ port integer ] |
  	    ipv6_address [ port integer ] ) [ key string ] [ tls
  	    string ]; ... };
  	alt-transfer-source ( ipv4_address | * ) [ port ( integer | * )
  	    ] [ dscp integer ];
  	alt-transfer-source-v6 ( ipv6_address | * ) [ port ( integer |
  	    * ) ] [ dscp integer ];
  	auto-dnssec ( allow | maintain | off );
  	check-dup-records ( fail | warn | ignore );
  	check-integrity boolean;
  	check-mx ( fail | warn | ignore );
  	check-mx-cname ( fail | warn | ignore );
  	check-names ( fail | warn | ignore );
  	check-sibling boolean;
  	check-spf ( warn | ignore );
  	check-srv-cname ( fail | warn | ignore );
  	check-wildcard boolean;
  	database string;
  	delegation-only boolean;
  	dialup ( notify | notify-passive | passive | refresh | boolean );
  	dlz string;
  	dnskey-sig-validity integer;
  	dnssec-dnskey-kskonly boolean;
  	dnssec-loadkeys-interval integer;
  	dnssec-policy string;
  	dnssec-secure-to-insecure boolean;
  	dnssec-update-mode ( maintain | no-resign );
  	file quoted_string;
  	forward ( first | only );
  	forwarders [ port integer ] [ dscp integer ] { ( ipv4_address
  	    | ipv6_address ) [ port integer ] [ dscp integer ]; ... };
  	in-view string;
  	inline-signing boolean;
  	ixfr-from-differences boolean;
  	journal quoted_string;
  	key-directory quoted_string;
  	masterfile-format ( raw | text );
  	masterfile-style ( full | relative );
  	masters [ port integer ] [ dscp integer ] { ( remote-servers
  	    | ipv4_address [ port integer ] | ipv6_address [ port
  	    integer ] ) [ key string ] [ tls string ]; ... };
  	max-ixfr-ratio ( unlimited | percentage );
  	max-journal-size ( default | unlimited | sizeval );
  	max-records integer;
  	max-refresh-time integer;
  	max-retry-time integer;
  	max-transfer-idle-in integer;
  	max-transfer-idle-out integer;
  	max-transfer-time-in integer;
  	max-transfer-time-out integer;
  	max-zone-ttl ( unlimited | duration );
  	min-refresh-time integer;
  	min-retry-time integer;
  	multi-master boolean;
  	notify ( explicit | master-only | primary-only | boolean );
  	notify-delay integer;
  	notify-source ( ipv4_address | * ) [ port ( integer | * ) ] [
  	    dscp integer ];
  	notify-source-v6 ( ipv6_address | * ) [ port ( integer | * ) ]
  	    [ dscp integer ];
  	notify-to-soa boolean;
  	parental-agents [ port integer ] [ dscp integer ] { (
  	    remote-servers | ipv4_address [ port integer ] |
  	    ipv6_address [ port integer ] ) [ key string ] [ tls
  	    string ]; ... };
  	parental-source ( ipv4_address | * ) [ port ( integer | * ) ] [
  	    dscp integer ];
  	parental-source-v6 ( ipv6_address | * ) [ port ( integer | * )
  	    ] [ dscp integer ];
  	primaries [ port integer ] [ dscp integer ] { (
  	    remote-servers | ipv4_address [ port integer ] |
  	    ipv6_address [ port integer ] ) [ key string ] [ tls
  	    string ]; ... };
  	request-expire boolean;
  	request-ixfr boolean;
  	serial-update-method ( date | increment | unixtime );
  	server-addresses { ( ipv4_address | ipv6_address ); ... };
  	server-names { string; ... };
  	sig-signing-nodes integer;
  	sig-signing-signatures integer;
  	sig-signing-type integer;
  	sig-validity-interval integer [ integer ];
  	transfer-source ( ipv4_address | * ) [ port ( integer | * ) ] [
  	    dscp integer ];
  	transfer-source-v6 ( ipv6_address | * ) [ port ( integer | * )
  	    ] [ dscp integer ];
  	try-tcp-refresh boolean;
  	type ( primary | master | secondary | slave | mirror |
  	    delegation-only | forward | hint | redirect | static-stub |
  	    stub );
  	update-check-ksk boolean;
  	update-policy ( local | { ( deny | grant ) string ( 6to4-self |
  	    external | krb5-self | krb5-selfsub | krb5-subdomain |
  	    krb5-subdomain-self-rhs | ms-self | ms-selfsub | ms-subdomain |
  	    ms-subdomain-self-rhs | name | self | selfsub | selfwild |
  	    subdomain | tcp-self | wildcard | zonesub ) [ string ]
  	    rrtypelist; ... };
  	use-alt-transfer-source boolean;
  	zero-no-soa-ttl boolean;
  	zone-statistics ( full | terse | none | boolean );
  };

Files
~~~~~

``/etc/named.conf``

See Also
~~~~~~~~

:manpage:`named(8)`, :manpage:`named-checkconf(8)`, :manpage:`rndc(8)`, :manpage:`rndc-confgen(8)`, :manpage:`tsig-keygen(8)`, BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual.

