org.slf4j.bridge

## Class SLF4JBridgeHandler

- java.lang.Object
- - java.util.logging.Handler
  - - org.slf4j.bridge.SLF4JBridgeHandler

-     public class SLF4JBridgeHandler
      extends Handler

  Bridge/route all JUL log records to the SLF4J API.

  Essentially, the idea is to install on the root logger an instance of `SLF4JBridgeHandler` as the sole JUL handler in the system. Subsequently, the SLF4JBridgeHandler instance will redirect all JUL log records are redirected to the SLF4J API based on the following mapping of levels:

       FINEST  -> TRACE
       FINER   -> DEBUG
       FINE    -> DEBUG
       INFO    -> INFO
       WARNING -> WARN
       SEVERE  -> ERROR

  Programmatic installation:

       // Optionally remove existing handlers attached to j.u.l root logger
       SLF4JBridgeHandler.removeHandlersForRootLogger();  // (since SLF4J 1.6.5)

       // add SLF4JBridgeHandler to j.u.l's root logger, should be done once during
       // the initialization phase of your application
       SLF4JBridgeHandler.install();

  Installation via logging.properties configuration file:

       // register SLF4JBridgeHandler as handler for the j.u.l. root logger
       handlers = org.slf4j.bridge.SLF4JBridgeHandler

  Once SLF4JBridgeHandler is installed, logging by j.u.l. loggers will be directed to SLF4J. Example:

       import  java.util.logging.Logger;
       ...
       // usual pattern: get a Logger and then log a message
       Logger julLogger = Logger.getLogger("org.wombat");
       julLogger.fine("hello world"); // this will get redirected to SLF4J

  Please note that translating a java.util.logging event into SLF4J incurs the cost of constructing `LogRecord` instance regardless of whether the SLF4J logger is disabled for the given level. Consequently, j.u.l. to SLF4J translation can seriously increase the cost of disabled logging statements (60 fold or 6000% increase) and measurably impact the performance of enabled log statements (20% overall increase). Please note that as of logback-version 0.9.25, it is possible to completely eliminate the 60 fold translation overhead for disabled log statements with the help of LevelChangePropagator.

  If you are concerned about application performance, then use of `SLF4JBridgeHandler` is appropriate only if any one the following two conditions is true:

  1. few j.u.l. logging statements are in play
  2. LevelChangePropagator has been installed
  Since:
    1.5.1
  Author:
    Christian Stein, Joern Huxhorn, Ceki Gülcü, Darryl Smith

- - ### Constructor Summary

    Constructors
    Constructor and Description
    `SLF4JBridgeHandler()` Initialize this handler.

  - ### Method Summary

    Methods
    Modifier and Type | Method and Description
    --- | ---
    `protected void` | `callLocationAwareLogger(LocationAwareLogger lal, LogRecord record)`
    `protected void` | `callPlainSLF4JLogger(Logger slf4jLogger, LogRecord record)`
    `void` | `close()` No-op implementation.
    `void` | `flush()` No-op implementation.
    `protected Logger` | `getSLF4JLogger(LogRecord record)` Return the Logger instance that will be used for logging.
    `static void` | `install()` Adds a SLF4JBridgeHandler instance to jul's root logger.
    `static boolean` | `isInstalled()` Returns true if SLF4JBridgeHandler has been previously installed, returns false otherwise.
    `void` | `publish(LogRecord record)` Publish a LogRecord.
    `static void` | `removeHandlersForRootLogger()` Invoking this method removes/unregisters/detaches all handlers currently attached to the root logger
    `static void` | `uninstall()` Removes previously installed SLF4JBridgeHandler instances.

    - ### Methods inherited from class java.util.logging.Handler

      `getEncoding, getErrorManager, getFilter, getFormatter, getLevel, isLoggable, reportError, setEncoding, setErrorManager, setFilter, setFormatter, setLevel`

    - ### Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object

      `clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait`

- - ### Constructor Detail

    - #### SLF4JBridgeHandler

          public SLF4JBridgeHandler()

      Initialize this handler.

  - ### Method Detail

    - #### install

          public static void install()

      Adds a SLF4JBridgeHandler instance to jul's root logger.

      This handler will redirect j.u.l. logging to SLF4J. However, only logs enabled in j.u.l. will be redirected. For example, if a log statement invoking a j.u.l. logger is disabled, then the corresponding non-event will not reach SLF4JBridgeHandler and cannot be redirected.

    - #### uninstall

          public static void uninstall()
                                throws SecurityException

      Removes previously installed SLF4JBridgeHandler instances. See also `install()`.
      Throws:
        `SecurityException` - A `SecurityException` is thrown, if a security manager exists and if the caller does not have LoggingPermission("control").

    - #### isInstalled

          public static boolean isInstalled()
                                     throws SecurityException

      Returns true if SLF4JBridgeHandler has been previously installed, returns false otherwise.
      Returns:
        true if SLF4JBridgeHandler is already installed, false other wise
      Throws:
        `SecurityException`

    - #### removeHandlersForRootLogger

          public static void removeHandlersForRootLogger()

      Invoking this method removes/unregisters/detaches all handlers currently attached to the root logger
      Since:
        1.6.5

    - #### close

          public void close()

      No-op implementation.
      Specified by:
        `close` in class `Handler`

    - #### flush

          public void flush()

      No-op implementation.
      Specified by:
        `flush` in class `Handler`

    - #### getSLF4JLogger

          protected Logger getSLF4JLogger(LogRecord record)

      Return the Logger instance that will be used for logging.

    - #### callLocationAwareLogger

          protected void callLocationAwareLogger(LocationAwareLogger lal,
                                     LogRecord record)

    - #### callPlainSLF4JLogger

          protected void callPlainSLF4JLogger(Logger slf4jLogger,
                                  LogRecord record)

    - #### publish

          public void publish(LogRecord record)

      Publish a LogRecord.

      The logging request was made initially to a Logger object, which initialized the LogRecord and forwarded it here.

      This handler ignores the Level attached to the LogRecord, as SLF4J cares about discarding log statements.
      Specified by:
        `publish` in class `Handler`
      Parameters:
        `record` - Description of the log event. A null record is silently ignored and is not published.

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