/*
 * functions about threads.
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2017 Christopher Fauet - cfaulet@haproxy.com
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
 * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
 * 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 */

#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <fcntl.h>

#include <common/cfgparse.h>
#include <common/hathreads.h>
#include <common/standard.h>
#include <proto/fd.h>


/* Dummy I/O handler used by the sync pipe.*/
void thread_sync_io_handler(int fd)
{
}

#ifdef USE_THREAD

static HA_SPINLOCK_T sync_lock;
static int           threads_sync_pipe[2] = {-1, -1};
volatile static unsigned long threads_want_sync = 0;
volatile unsigned long threads_want_rdv_mask = 0;
volatile unsigned long threads_harmless_mask = 0;
volatile unsigned long all_threads_mask  = 1; // nbthread 1 assumed by default
THREAD_LOCAL unsigned int  tid           = 0;
THREAD_LOCAL unsigned long tid_bit       = (1UL << 0);


#if defined(DEBUG_THREAD) || defined(DEBUG_FULL)
struct lock_stat lock_stats[LOCK_LABELS];
#endif

/* Initializes the sync point. It creates a pipe used by threads to wake up all
 * others when a sync is requested. It also initializes the mask of all created
 * threads. It returns 0 on success and -1 if an error occurred.
 */
int thread_sync_init()
{
	int rfd;

	if (pipe(threads_sync_pipe) < 0)
		return -1;

	rfd = threads_sync_pipe[0];
	fcntl(rfd, F_SETFL, O_NONBLOCK);

	fdtab[rfd].owner = thread_sync_io_handler;
	fdtab[rfd].iocb = thread_sync_io_handler;
	fd_insert(rfd, MAX_THREADS_MASK);
	return 0;
}

/* Enables the sync point. */
void thread_sync_enable(void)
{
	fd_want_recv(threads_sync_pipe[0]);
}

/* Called when a thread want to pass into the sync point. It subscribes the
 * current thread in threads waiting for sync by update a bit-field. It this is
 * the first one, it wakeup all other threads by writing on the sync pipe.
 */
void thread_want_sync()
{
	if (all_threads_mask & (all_threads_mask - 1)) {
		if (threads_want_sync & tid_bit)
			return;
		if (HA_ATOMIC_OR(&threads_want_sync, tid_bit) == tid_bit &&
		    threads_sync_pipe[1] != -1)
			shut_your_big_mouth_gcc(write(threads_sync_pipe[1], "S", 1));
	}
	else {
		threads_want_sync = 1;
	}
}

/* Returns 1 if no thread has requested a sync. Otherwise, it returns 0. */
int thread_no_sync()
{
	return (threads_want_sync == 0UL);
}

/* Returns 1 if the current thread has requested a sync. Otherwise, it returns
 * 0.
 */
int thread_need_sync()
{
	return ((threads_want_sync & tid_bit) != 0UL);
}

/* Thread barrier. Synchronizes all threads at the barrier referenced by
 * <barrier>. The calling thread shall block until all other threads have called
 * thread_sync_barrier specifying the same barrier.
 *
 * If you need to use several barriers at differnt points, you need to use a
 * different <barrier> for each point.
 */
static inline void thread_sync_barrier(volatile unsigned long *barrier)
{
	unsigned long old = all_threads_mask;

	HA_ATOMIC_CAS(barrier, &old, 0);
	HA_ATOMIC_OR(barrier, tid_bit);

	/* Note below: we need to wait for all threads to join here, but in
	 * case several threads are scheduled on the same CPU, busy polling
	 * will instead degrade the performance, forcing other threads to
	 * wait longer (typically in epoll_wait()). Let's use sched_yield()
	 * when available instead.
	 */
	while ((*barrier & all_threads_mask) != all_threads_mask) {
#if _POSIX_PRIORITY_SCHEDULING
		sched_yield();
#else
		pl_cpu_relax();
#endif
	}
}

/* Enter into the sync point and lock it if the current thread has requested a
 * sync. */
void thread_enter_sync()
{
	static volatile unsigned long barrier = 0;

	if (!(all_threads_mask & (all_threads_mask - 1)))
		return;

	thread_sync_barrier(&barrier);
	if (threads_want_sync & tid_bit)
		HA_SPIN_LOCK(THREAD_SYNC_LOCK, &sync_lock);
}

/* Exit from the sync point and unlock it if it was previously locked. If the
 * current thread is the last one to have requested a sync, the sync pipe is
 * flushed.
 */
void thread_exit_sync()
{
	static volatile unsigned long barrier = 0;

	if (!(all_threads_mask & (all_threads_mask - 1)))
		return;

	if (threads_want_sync & tid_bit)
		HA_SPIN_UNLOCK(THREAD_SYNC_LOCK, &sync_lock);

	if (HA_ATOMIC_AND(&threads_want_sync, ~tid_bit) == 0) {
		char c;

		shut_your_big_mouth_gcc(read(threads_sync_pipe[0], &c, 1));
		fd_done_recv(threads_sync_pipe[0]);
	}

	thread_sync_barrier(&barrier);
}

/* Marks the thread as harmless until the last thread using the rendez-vous
 * point quits. Given that we can wait for a long time, sched_yield() is used
 * when available to offer the CPU resources to competing threads if needed.
 */
void thread_harmless_till_end()
{
		HA_ATOMIC_OR(&threads_harmless_mask, tid_bit);
		while (threads_want_rdv_mask & all_threads_mask) {
#if _POSIX_PRIORITY_SCHEDULING
			sched_yield();
#else
			pl_cpu_relax();
#endif
		}
}

/* Isolates the current thread : request the ability to work while all other
 * threads are harmless. Only returns once all of them are harmless, with the
 * current thread's bit in threads_harmless_mask cleared. Needs to be completed
 * using thread_release().
 */
void thread_isolate()
{
	unsigned long old;

	HA_ATOMIC_OR(&threads_harmless_mask, tid_bit);
	__ha_barrier_store();
	HA_ATOMIC_OR(&threads_want_rdv_mask, tid_bit);

	/* wait for all threads to become harmless */
	old = threads_harmless_mask;
	while (1) {
		if (unlikely((old & all_threads_mask) != all_threads_mask))
			old = threads_harmless_mask;
		else if (HA_ATOMIC_CAS(&threads_harmless_mask, &old, old & ~tid_bit))
			break;

#if _POSIX_PRIORITY_SCHEDULING
		sched_yield();
#else
		pl_cpu_relax();
#endif
	}
	/* one thread gets released at a time here, with its harmess bit off.
	 * The loss of this bit makes the other one continue to spin while the
	 * thread is working alone.
	 */
}

/* Cancels the effect of thread_isolate() by releasing the current thread's bit
 * in threads_want_rdv_mask and by marking this thread as harmless until the
 * last worker finishes.
 */
void thread_release()
{
	HA_ATOMIC_AND(&threads_want_rdv_mask, ~tid_bit);
	thread_harmless_end();
}

/* Depending on the platform and how libpthread was built, pthread_exit() may
 * involve some code in libgcc_s that would be loaded on exit for the first
 * time, causing aborts if the process is chrooted. It's harmless bit very
 * dirty. There isn't much we can do to make sure libgcc_s is loaded only if
 * needed, so what we do here is that during early boot we create a dummy
 * thread that immediately exits. This will lead to libgcc_s being loaded
 * during boot on the platforms where it's required.
 */
static void *dummy_thread_function(void *data)
{
	pthread_exit(NULL);
	return NULL;
}

static inline void preload_libgcc_s(void)
{
	pthread_t dummy_thread;
	pthread_create(&dummy_thread, NULL, dummy_thread_function, NULL);
	pthread_join(dummy_thread, NULL);
}

__attribute__((constructor))
static void __hathreads_init(void)
{
	HA_SPIN_INIT(&sync_lock);

	preload_libgcc_s();

#if defined(DEBUG_THREAD) || defined(DEBUG_FULL)
	memset(lock_stats, 0, sizeof(lock_stats));
#endif
	hap_register_build_opts("Built with multi-threading support.", 0);
}

#endif // USE_THREAD


/* Parse the number of threads in argument <arg>, returns it and adjusts a few
 * internal variables accordingly, or fails and returns zero with an error
 * reason in <errmsg>. May be called multiple times while parsing.
 */
int parse_nbthread(const char *arg, char **err)
{
	long nbthread;
	char *errptr;

	nbthread = strtol(arg, &errptr, 10);
	if (!*arg || *errptr) {
		memprintf(err, "passed a missing or unparsable integer value in '%s'", arg);
		return 0;
	}

#ifndef USE_THREAD
	if (nbthread != 1) {
		memprintf(err, "specified with a value other than 1 while HAProxy is not compiled with threads support. Please check build options for USE_THREAD");
		return 0;
	}
#else
	if (nbthread < 1 || nbthread > MAX_THREADS) {
		memprintf(err, "value must be between 1 and %d (was %ld)", MAX_THREADS, nbthread);
		return 0;
	}

	/* we proceed like this to be sure never to overflow the left shift */
	all_threads_mask = 1UL << (nbthread - 1);
	all_threads_mask |= all_threads_mask - 1;
#endif
	return nbthread;
}
